This paper explores the implementation of psychological manipulation techniques in product design, particularly in gaming, focusing on their effects on player behaviour and engagement. The discussed techniques include Skinner Box Mechanics, Fear of Missing Out (FOMO), Social Pressure, Sunk Cost Fallacy, Artificial Scarcity, Dynamic Difficulty Adjustment (DDA), Pay to Win, Teasing Future Content, Locus of Control, Grinding, Loot Boxes, Gacha Systems, and the Zeigarnik Effect. Real-world examples, such as the game “Genshin Impact”, are used to illustrate the techniques’ applications. While acknowledging these methods’ effectiveness in increasing player engagement and revenue, the paper raises concerns about their potential to foster addiction, promote excessive spending, and create unfair gaming environments. The study calls for ethical game design practices and highlights the designers and developers’ responsibility in maintaining a balanced and fair gaming experience.

This paper discusses the application of B.F. Skinner’s operant conditioning framework, colloquially known as the Skinner Box mechanism, in the domain of modern video gaming. As a pivotal tool of psychological manipulation, this method has been integral in influencing player behaviour and engagement. Various case studies and examples are presented to provide a comprehensive understanding of its usage in game design.

This paper delves into the psychological concept of Fear of Missing Out (FOMO) and its application in the sphere of video game design. FOMO, a form of psychological manipulation, plays a pivotal role in influencing player behaviour and fostering continuous engagement. We explore and analyse this technique using a variety of case studies to provide a comprehensive understanding of its use and implications from a product designer’s standpoint.